,
Wang5, Austin J. Cooney5, and Richard R. Behringer1, 2,3,4 **
1Department of Genetics and 2Center for Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA, 3Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston
TX 77251, USA; 4 Programme in Genes and Development, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; 5Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of
Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
* Both authors contributed equally
Short Title: Generation of viable mice from two parents
Summary Judgement: XO cells pluripotent stem cells derived from XY cells derived somatic differentiated to functional oocytes in women's fantasies, which can be fertilized to produce a normal male and female offspring with alleles taken from two parents.
Grant Support: Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) GM81627 AJC and RRB, and Ben F. Love seat, and the Kleberg Foundation to RRB veterinary animal care was supported by Grant Support Cancer Center NIH CA16672.
** Correspondence and reprint request: Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. Tel: 713-834-6427; Fax: 713-834-6339, Email: rrb@mdanderson.org
Summary
In sexual species, fertilization of oocytes produced out individuals with alleles from both parents. Here we use pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells taken from combining the haploid genomes of two males to produce viable sons and daughters. Cells of male mice (XY) were induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) (father * 1) were used to isolate sub-populations that had spontaneously lost the Y chromosome to be genetically female (XO). These XO males removed were used to generate female chimeras were bred with males genetically different (parent * 2),
Progeny has the genetic information was taken from both parents.
Thus, functional oocytes can be generated from somatic male cells after a new investment program spontaneous sex. These new findings have implications for reproduction in mammals and reproductive assistance technology. INTRODUCTION
natural couplings between males and females cause the fertilization of oocytes by sperm and the generation of progeny that inherited alleles from both parents. In mammals, embryos generated experimentally produced only oogenesis alleles or only spermatogenesis usually die during development due to imbalances in imprinting.Así gene expression, epigenetic differences scheduled for male and female gametogenesis are required for normal mouse development. Interestingly, viable mice "bi-maternal" women have been generated by nuclear transfer into oocytes [4]. This required the introduction of H19 mutant nuclei oocytes were not in the wild type oocytes crops. The frequency of viable mice from these oocytes reconstructed with genetic information taken from two, is less than 1%.
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